>> welcome, you are watching debate. has egypt gone. oh? -- gone full circle? the crackdown on the ousted muslim brotherhood. zimbabwe's only president since independence beating out vile western critics.

and the latest out of syria and lebanon coming up in the world this week. syria and lebanon squarely the focus in the newsroom this friday. let's get the latest and begin the hour. >> the headlines this hour, the moment where a mosque was blown to pieces. footage shows one of the twin attacks on the second city. at least 42 people have been killed in the worst violence since the end of the civil war. this is not just another number, a real charge as far as we can begin to comprehend. unicef tried to drive home its point and say one million syrian children now live as refugees. all that pitch perfect pushing has actually worked. the leaning tower of pisa is slowly straightening itself up of its own accord.

at least 42 people reported killed and 500 more wounded as explosions hit mosques in the northern city of tripoli. as you will see from this footage taken from within one of the sites, explosions occurred as places of worship were busy. it caused extensive damage. the attack is the deadliest since the end of the civil war and marks as collation in the spillover of tensions. >> people survey the extensive damage. a large hole left in the ground, cars were burnt, and buildings had windows shattered and railings blown off. the attacks appear to be cord mated outside of sunni mosques on the muslim day of prayer when places of worship were packed. >> the shake was in the mosque,

destruction and bodies and the wounded on the ground. >> the explosion went off in the city center. the second struck minutes in front of the mosque near tripoli's port. it came amid rising tension in leban. has further divided the population beten supporters d opponents of the regime. in the northern city, there have been frequent clashes. the twin blasts, week after a bombing killed 27 people in south beirut. a has bullock pro assad strongld. >> a number of syrian children forced to flee abroad as top the one million mark. life as a refugee is a

traumatizingxperience for children even as they try to give as much of a life as possible. in the overcrowded camp in joan, rept. >> these children seem happy because they are safer here than they would get home. the children are attending school in the refugee camp in neighboring jordan. they are led and exercise routines and games to keep them entertained. >> two days before they came here, they told us the army was planning to occupy our school. in those days, we would see the rockets flying directly above us. that is when my uncle suggested weleave for his atari. -- zitari.

one million children have been forced to leave their country and a further 2 million displaced within syrian borders. >> we see this as a children's crisis first and foremost. they are the ones affected by the violence. >> the trauma experienced by so many children accounts for just part of the crisis. highlighting the threats of child labor and trafficking that refugee children face. life is better here than at home. the one thing they all have in common, they want to go home. >> i wish that syria could become peaceful again. that is all i want, for the trouble to stop. i hope everything goes back to normal to the way that it used to be. >> foreign leaders are

continuing to react to the gassing of hundreds of syrian civilians, including many children. the line is clearly drawn between supporters and opponents of the regime. russia turned the tables on the opposition, accusing it of protecting an investigation and hinting at a possible conspiracy. barack obama told cnn that he saw the incident as a big event of grave concern. the forces loyal to the president were responsible for the attack. >> my hope is that access to the site i that the u.n. mission can investigate on the ground and shed light on the situation. i will go back to what banking moonset on this earlier.

>> the political scandal that has gripped china for over a year now, after a final day of hearings on saturday, judges will be great. they are on charges of corruption and abuses of power. many believe that sentence could be reduced to life behind bars. the verdict is expected in early september. >> a video link in the courtroom to to put forward her version of events. on friday, she submitted pre- recorded evidence from prison as part of her husband lost trial. she says he was well aware of the bribes that she had been pocketing. >> she knew everything. everything we needed, we asked for his help.

>> testimony that her husband described as crazy. she is accused of received 2.5 million euros from businessmen. he denied the charges leveled against him. >> that is why, this being his last public performance, he is determined to correct the record in history which is an independent, maverick politician. that is why he challenged the allegations. >> the formula -- former party leader is the most high-profile member of the bureau to appear in the dock in more than 30 years. chinese authorities will be walking a tightrope in this trial which calls on them to tackle corruption head-on and

make an example while being careful not to expose the one- party system to criticism from an increasingly vociferous public concerned about abuses of power. >> a symbolic but important step forward for north and south korea. the two country's governments agree. the meetings will take place in september. finally, if you have not seen the leaning tower of pisa in italy, now would be a good time to go. the famous italian landmark appears to be straightening up without any help. >> the leaning tower of pizza is straightening out. it 10 years after the structure

was reinforced, it has 2.5 centimeters of vertical incline all by itself. in 1992, it reached a dangerous angle, threatening to collapse. the earth was excavated, forcing the tower lower and reducing the incline. by 1999, it had recovered its original allure. but today, experts have unveiled an uncommon phenomenon. it seems that the tower is pursuing a slow but steady path toward straightening without the intervention of scientist. what would happen if it became's straight? tourists can rest assured that scientists say the tower should stop its progression and find a comfortable inclination. >> time for me to hand you back to the guests for the world this week.

>> a strange story on the tower of peace. it is time for the world of the week. also with us, the international affairs editor. sometimes we like to have visitors. the world this week or you can join the conversation on facebook and twitter where the # -- a dramatic week for the arab world. the risk of flashpoints include serious, tripoli, and baghdad. at the center of that is serious. time will tell if wednesday's

claims of nerve gas attacks will pan out. this amid the mass showing of the damascus southern and eastern suburbs. will this be a serious market moment? the second showing prompted the u.s. to intervene. >> it is hard in 30 words or less to see how the obama administration can avoid getting involved at this stage of the game, especially having drawn the red line. until there was this massive attack, it was easy to kick the can down the road and say that both sides have chemical weapons. you can't intervene on that basis. it is not entirely clear who launched, but the rebels probably did not have the coordination to do it. it is hard to see how the americans can avoid getting out of it.

>> the new york times reports on thursday, there was a heated discussion in the obama administration. one of the options on the table, making use of two u.s. destroyers currently deployed in the mediterranean and sending tomahawk missiles at strategic sites. saying the targets include batteries, symbols of the power. we are getting word from the white house's press people saying that they are still studying how to respond to that chemical weapons attack. obama saying the u.s. continues to be the one country that people expect can do more than simply protect their borders, but that does not mean we have to get involved with everything

immediately. we have to think strategically what will be in the long-term national interest. >> i am not sure they will do anything substantial at this point. you also notice in his comments, he talked about how the u.s. just finished extricating itself from iraq and continues to be mired in afghanistan. the costs of involving the united states armed forces in another conflagration in the middle east seem to be too high. the comments extremely skeptical of what is happening in syria. it will be tough for the obama administration to overcome that kind of institutional reluctance to get involved in syria. >> not putting boots on the ground, they are saying they are

turning that down. this concept of of moving from destroyers in the mediterranean. >> this conversation has been going on in washington for a year and a half. this idea of airstrikes. this situation is so confused, murky, and all full. they don't know what effect that would have and if it would change dynamics on the ground. maybe it is too late for syria. that is what i hear from those up until a few months ago were very enthusiastic about the u.s. involvement in syria. >> you say you don't know what the effect will be but the point of fact is that we don't rightly know if there was a chemical attack. it has not been certified.

he says he believes it is a chemical attack on a large scale that happened early wednesday, but the team of united nations inspectors need to get across town, says william hague. >> we are focused on getting the u.n. team there. that is the sequence of steps in the coming days. i am not going to speculate about after that at the moment. >> he will not speculate on what happens after that. >> it is hard for me to see a british official talking about that in a decade, the invasion of iraq on an extremely flimsy sexed up dossier.

britain greenlighted an invasion by the u.s.. one-party here feels that it is very brave work by reporters to get samples out of syria. if that is not enough, what is? if you can't send in a ground invasion force, what can you do? i am not sure the diplomatic angles are being pursued with vigor. the russians are very adept foot wreckers and they feel bounced into the libya war. >> everybody is gaining time and waiting. they say they want inspectors to

go, but it wasn't so clear when there was the security council. the regime does not say no or yes, everybody is gaining time. one thing reported by the newspaper, an option not reported by elsewhere is that there won't the any western troops sent there, there won't be a no-fly zone. but according to one of its journalists, there are serious rebels trained in jordan by americans and by israel that have supposedly crossed the border. >> the gas attack could be responsible. >> exactly. everybody is pretty nervous. >> that is unconfirmed, though. >> everybody is trying to buy

time and having made this ill advised pronouncement that chemical weapons were a red line, nobody thought the red line would be crossed, it loos like it might have been. it is difficult to imagine they can't do something. it is true there are formidable obstacles in the military apparatus to get something approved but this is a president that puts great store by the fact that he restored america's moral standing in the world. he was elected to do that and said this is something we are going to do. if he does not do it, what is left of this president' tatian? it is difficult to imagine -- this president's reputation. it is difficult to imagine he won't do anything. >> what about obama himself? >> he is leaning toward noninvolvement.

the trajectory of his life, the focus of foreign-policy aspirations, the reality of where the u.s. is right now. the attempt to give it the focus of u.s. foreign policy away from the middle east towards the pacific, towards asia, where he grew up in indonesia and hawaii. this has been his lifelong trajectory, and i think his instinct is to not get involved in another war in this part of the world. >> only one person needs to be convinced of chemical weapons. vladimir putin. obama has made himself irrelevant. russia's foreign minister speaking off, calling for dialogue, urging for authorities to cooperate with weapons inspectors. the office also putting out statements like this one.

we believe it calls for some european countries to put pressure on the un security council. the use of force is unacceptable. >> the russian game is now a bit complicated. it has been said that they are bucking the regime, which is true. but this question is not very clear what they are expecting. they probably won't accept intervention from the u.s. or the europeans. at the security council, everybody was saying that the inspectors can't go there. the next day, the russians said

we are backing this position and we want the inspectors to go there. it is weird what is happening in moscow. >> if we talk about diplomacy, if it is certified, is the guess of your own citizens, there seems to be a will to annihilate parts of the population. how can you interfere with looking at this from the outside? >> i think it has a long history. the father was sadly doing similar things not with chemical weapons but with an equally ruthless kind of violence. obviously, it has not really worked anywhere in the world.

it is an acceptable level of bloodletting. >> political options are not totally closed. it is said that next week, russians and americans should prepare this geneva conference where everybody is supposed to discuss peace in syria. all political options are not totally closed. >> can the russians be thrown a bone? >> russia believes in the spheres of influence. viewers might remember five years ago, a conflict in georgia where the georgian president threatened to join nato and that was enough to trigger the

russians to provoke an invasion of the country and establish ground rules. you had president bush in the white house, much more of a hawk and he backed off, nato backed off. russia continued to consider serial part of the sphere of influence. -- syria part of the spear of influence. the u.s. will respect that and will not go in this area without russian acquiescence. >> we saw the map at the beginning of the show, a spillover from lebanon, targeting to mosques in the flashpoint city of tripoli. the shia movement has sent fighters into serious. the leader has been swift to condemn what he calls terrorist bombings.

a criminal project to drag the lebanese into sectarian and ethnic infighting. >> the lebanese have the ability to stomach a lot of things. how big are these bombings? >> it is a big deal for lebanon, not clear who is behind this. it doesn't seem like has bullock -- hezbollah at all. this bombing provokes and follows by days, another bombing in the suburbs of beirut. either has bullock has dramatically changed course or engaged in this kind of action to avenge that previous bombing which is highly doubtful, or someone is setting off bombs in an attempt to provoke a real sectarian conflict.

>> the sectarian bloodshed has become all too routine. we barely mention it sometimes. there was a suicide bomber in the middle of a wedding at a shiite mosque, nine killed and dozens wounded. the last two and a half years, we have been dominated by this amazing upheaval. and now the way events have unfolded, do you feel as though a seminal moment is perhaps not tunisia in late 2010, but rather, the invasion of iraq? >> an interesting theory. if what you mean is that the first -- thirst for democracy started with iraqi and not with tunisia, i am not sure that is the case. you have the desire for people

to be able to determine their own future and have a decent life, a lot of what pushed the arab spring. a lot of push forward, a religious agenda. >> this pandora's box of sectarian bloodletting. >> it is what you see in northern ireland, the middle east for generations, india and pakistan. it is religion and at a certain point, it is not logical. it is never going to go away. >> never going to go away >? >> you say that, but i think northern ireland is making progress. you can't consign it to the dustbin of history. given the colonial legacy of these various power blocs, there

have been this propping up of dictators for decades. once you release those things, you release an incredible amount of energy. and yugoslavia is mending. i would be a bit more optimistic if that is possible. >> i am just trying to be realistic about the forces tearing these countries apart. they will not be solved by throwing money or making sure the economy men's. there'll always be tension over this very illogical -- >> throwing money will not solve anything but i think there is a demographic issue, a lot of young people, angry young men that have nothing to do. that is a recipe for disaster in

the u.s. in the 70s which they have overcome that demographic. it appears to be a huge factor in iraq and tunisia. aimless young man. and if they have a little bit more hope in their lives, opportunity for better role models than the internet preacher talking about going to syria, maybe there would be a little bit of change. >> we will pick up on this when we come back. you're watching the world this week.

>> almost half of the world lost 6000 languages are disappearing -- at risk of disappearing beyond the end of the century. the warnings that would not only amount to a cultural loss but an economic one as well.

>> welcome, if you're just joining us. let's give you an example of the stories we will be following at the top of the hour. at least 42 killed in two explosions five minutes apart in mosques in the northern city of tripoli. the latest spillover from the syrian conflict. president obama positive visors studying how to respond to a chemical weapons attack, reiterating that the position means that he does not expect to send boots on the ground.

a smaller than expected turnout for the friday of martyrs marches across egypt. this in response to the crackdown going on there. the arrest of the leader of the muslim brotherhood. we will have those stories and more for you at the top of the hour. welcome back, this is the world this week. nicholas nor brooke of the africa report, what is your next issue's cover story? >> about the world bank and how african countries are bucking consensus and following the asian rep -- recipe to success. >> normally based in cairo, thanks for being with us.

we began with horror, the scale of the crackdown in egypt, 1000 killed after the military moved to break up citizens and demonstrations by the ousted muslim brotherhood. we see that cartoon saying, these are the new symbols for democracy. and the news that egypt's longtime strongman has been released from prison, return of the money says the cartoon. and it really is this sense that things have gone full circle. >> it is really a big surprise. if you have lived in egypt and spoken to egyptian's, you got a sense from many people that they were done with the army and done with the former regime, time to do something new.

i was, frankly, surprised at the movement to oust morsi and that it got so much support. the armed forces intervened again and staged this coup after the protests. i am surprised at the speed by which two things have happened. the scale of atrocity. it would take a few months before you reach the level of killings. it took a while before it ramped up. i am very much surprised that they released mubarak from prison. he does still face serious charges and is going to be held under house arrest. which is legally, what should be happening with him right now. >> the military took over in july and a lot of people dismissed the analogy of the

first round of general elections. then the military moved in and there is a decade of bloodletting. algeria has never been the same since. can that apply to egypt? >> what is very surprising is that what happened, to what extent the liberals are backing the military. i have been speaking to a lot of writers and scholars, why are you criticizing the military act go -- military? what is surprising is that these people who you can normally talk on the same basis with the same

rationality have suddenly totally irrational arguments and hatred that you couldn't imagine. this is something that is really surprising. apparently, the military wants to pursue that movement. supporting strongly the army. maybe that kind of measure might change the liberal position. >> a lot of criticism when it happened that the lack of leadership. it was somehow expected that after 50 years of military dictatorship, there would be a progressive and modern democratic centrist party that could seamlessly pick up where the revolutionaries ended.

and if any of these guys would have allowed that kind of organization to exist. the normal rules of politics have not been allowed. >> you have to blame the liberals for some of what has happened in the country. if they had gotten their acts together during presidential elections and not fielded three moderate candidates against one candidate of a former regime, they would have one. >> it is easy to say that, but they have not had that experience. >> the libyan liberals managed to see the mistakes of their counterparts in egypt and tunisia and avoid that mistake.

>> condemning their lack of experience. when you say more than 800 dead, they say it is a pity but necessary. that is something that is so surprising. >> is this the state media now? >> i think some of these people have been seduced by the former regime and the armed forces to support this sort of narrative. to some extent, a well thought out plan that had the backing of saudi arabia and the united arab emirates to get the brotherhood out. if there are two countries very much backing this process, it is

saudi arabia. >> i don't understand why the muslim brotherhood that is supposed to be a very well disciplined and organized organization, they benefited from the revolution. but they kept this guy around, the only guy that they kept. >> i don't think they are any beter at running the country. they tried to co-opt the military and security forces. they refused to reform the state. that was the real disaster. they did not do anything that would win over any of the revolutionaries. >> it is not just egyptian liberals, but in washington, a lot of them still have a hard time saying today top.

>> analyst can say it, but the president can't say it because he has to cut off military aid. >> a lot of the analysts don't say it. >> we were talking about if america was going to get involved. this is one where all the body language of the administration is we don't want it here in look at what the white house spokesman said. the egyptians have to solve this one. we don't want it. the only time he came back from vacation is when the death toll hit a certain number. he canceled military exercises. even though the military aid is no longer decisive for the country and saudi arabia gives 10 times as much. >> just for this year, but it might change.

>> american aid is something that the egyptians have gotten used to. the american interest in this is very low. if people are saying it is a coup d'état, do they follow the president? or do they try to keep their distance from inflammatory language? >> you mentioned countries that have strongly backed it. turkish television thursday evening, reacting to a letter that the senior level of the muslim brotherhood -- turkey's prime minister got emotional on live television saying, i am talking as the citizen. >> i thought about my own children when i heard what was in his letters.

i felt for the fact that he could not attend her funeral. she died young. >> it has been a controversial week, again, saying israel was the one that helped the military take over, and for him, this is personal. >> he tends to get sentimental about subjects. one was syria. and he is a strong supporter of the former islamist government. very sympathetic to the muslim brotherhood. he sees them as ideological kin. i don't know more -- that i could say more about what we just saw.

>> the developing party are in power in turkey. i believe they will continue to pursue those pthey will continut the syrian opposition. they will continue to oppose aspirations in other countries to try to make them deal and support with modern islamist movements around the arab movement. >> bob marley was among those that showed up for the inauguration. zimbabwe's first and only president back in 1980. at age 89, still around. this time, he wants to share power. the west has called his elections seriously flawed.

but he gets the last laugh. >> for those in countries that happen to hold a different view of our electoral process and outcome, well, there is not much we can do about it. we dismiss them. >> you have to give some level of grudging respect to the old man. he is an absolute survivor thomas and not just tales of medical problems, but to politically survive the pressure he has been under, there has also been a level of incompetence at part of the opposition here, which is a real

shame, because the last decade has been a fantastic growth story for africa. they will not have a huge demand for commodities that it previously had. the last 10 years have been fantastic for africa. zimbabwe missed out on a golden opportunity. this election was a master class. it was free, but not fair. voters were carefully prepared. the opposition was a bit naïve in the way they approached it. >> when it was at the height of the violence, really tough, you filed a report for us undercover. did you think here we would be with this? >> we did not expect there would be a sheriff in power. we thought that he might

probably die in power. everybody thought that there might be some change but now here he is. it is better than now, seven years before. the shops were empty. there were two types of flat economy. the black market and the normal economy. i don't know what to think about it, the african union says everything was fine, the election was free. >> the economy has gotten better and a lot of that was down to the opposition finance minister.

there are very few people that know more about economics. the former bank governor is bad news because of the way the regime has been getting money out of the country for many years. the irony is that next year, he becomes the president of the regional southern africa groupings. >> he still embodies a lot of people, even some african pride. those they kicked out -- it might be something we don't understand. >> that is the thing that is mind-boggling. this guy was a hero. now peoplere starving.

>> there has been a remarkable turnaround. you have people unemployed that our tobacco farmers. there is genuine agricultural progress. zimbabwe, with a little bit of capital, would be ruined. the stories i have been told, infrastructure is great. a little bit of investment. >> it will get to where it needs to go. >> of course not. >> before we go, the edward snowden saga that we thought was between the americans and washington. sunday night came the nine hour detention at heathrow airport of david maranda in transit from germany to rio for you is with

his partner, the guardian columnist writing up the leaks. he is suing for abuse of the 2000 and two care a lot. scotland yard issuing a statement claiming material from the confiscated computer was highly sensitive and could put lives at risk. the independent publishing story this friday says that the leaks include a secret internet surveillance station able to tap into underwater fiber-optic cables and does not give out the location. but when you look at that, you pose the question, we were quick to say how dare they hold him for nine hours? but at the end of the day, were they right to do it? >> somewhat an hour ago between

two minds. the journalist part of me is outraged. a lot of manufactured hysteria around this. the french president can say this is outrageous, the americans are spying on us. everyone should take a deep breath. it has been going on for many years. >> citizens should be aware that on the internet and twitter, you are watched. rather, you can be watched. it is not a secret. >> i agree that the outrage is kind of disingenuous. >> the outrage is disingenuous, but most people did not know it was to this extent.

>> i have known for 20 years that everything i write and everything that goes through electronic communications is most likely being stored somewhere. if people don't realize that, they have been naïve and they are naïve. governments do it because they can. >> part of it sticks in people's craw. it is not the shock that they are spying, it is the use of antiterrorism law to detain a private citizen and a journalist. the reasons that were given in the first instance, this guy was working with a journalist. the attitude invoking this law is that if you are not with us, you're against us. it is a standard ploy, if you will, to conflate reporting on

something, investigating something with supporting it. i think that is the part particularly galling in this case. >> the financial times columnist worried about another problem, oversight. he wrote the u.s. government assures us that the nsa does not gather data except it is little comfort. seeing who guards the guardians, i prefer the guardian. he is no supporter of edward snowden, but that we had to take blind faith that these secret courts are doing a good job. that is not quite enough. >> one of the horrifying aspects that they are looking at is that

people can become conditioned to think that everything they do and think is being watched. that has major ethical and philosophical implications for the way people feel and the way people view themselves, it is a dangerous direction things are going. >> an addendum to that which is incredibly important, we have been finding fragments of information about private security companies and the government's fairly loosely monitored. the oversight question is where the outrage should be focused. snowden worked for a company, not for the government. i think there is one thing we should draw from this, we should learn more about the companies

in the shadows. >> thank you for joining us. stay seated, before we go, we will say hello to james. >> evening, from swap -- françois. >> doing a good deed or whether you're a traitor, there is another person that has been on the news. >> bradley manning now known as chelsea manning, they're in lies the question. the media has struggled with this since yesterday. >> you say she? >> she was sentenced. on thursday, she announced that henceforth, bradley is chelsea. let's look at how the media has handled that particular issue. stop calling her bradley manning.

it is unethical. it you should not use the breaking news excuse just because it was a story that broke laclede. that is not an excuse for quality publications to ignore the message. >> the equivalent of calling mohamed ali cashes clay. -- cassius clay. >> they cover the event, but they missed the point. they have the quotation marks around chelsea. that is indicating they are not convinced. a u.s. soldier sentenced to 35 years, "he" is female. cbs, sentenced to 35 years, they also did not follow.

one of the few media says that manning plans that -- manning says she will go through hormone therapy. they have gone to the ap style guide, the bbc style guide almost across the board. postoperative transgendered people is not really an issue. preoperative, the indication is to go with the preference of the individual in question. that did not happen across the board despite the style guides. the article also points out that some journalists were making fun of the issue. a lot of people making that comment online. i suppose the issue highlighted is the responsibility of

journalists to treat this matter seriously. jokes can be made quite easily, maybe it is not for journalists to make them. we will be looking later on this evening at an issue you have been covering, the tragic double bombing in lebanon. and also a caviar that some photos circulating online are not of the incident in question. always the case. unreliable information. >> separating the wheat from the chaf. thank you for being with us for the world this week.